Naturalisation by residence in Germany (2026)

Last reviewed: 9 October 2026

In short: Naturalisation needs five years of lawful habitual residence, German at level B1 and, as a rule, a naturalisation test. Giving up the previous nationality is not among the conditions.

RuleWhat applies
Years of residence requiredOrdinary naturalisation by residence5 years [1]
Shortened residence periodsOrdinary naturalisation by residenceThree years for the spouse or registered partner of a German citizen, if the marriage or partnership has lasted two years. The period can be shortened further in the public interest. [2]
Language level requiredOrdinary naturalisation by residenceB1 (CEFR) [1]
Integration or civic knowledge testOrdinary naturalisation by residenceYes [1]
Giving up previous nationalityOrdinary naturalisation by residenceNot required [1]

Notes

  • Different or no language proof applies to some groups, for example former guest workers, people unable to learn because of illness, disability or age, and children under 16.
  • The law says the required knowledge is as a rule shown by passing the naturalisation test. Courses are offered but not compulsory. Exemptions apply for illness, disability or age.
  • The law lists no condition to give up the previous nationality. The former condition in paragraph 1, sentence 1, number 4 has been removed.

Sources

  1. Bundesministerium der Justiz (gesetze-im-internet.de): § 10 StAG - Einzelnorm (consulted 9 October 2026) · all sources
  2. Bundesministerium der Justiz (gesetze-im-internet.de): § 9 StAG - Einzelnorm (consulted 9 October 2026) · all sources

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General information, not legal advice. Rules change: check the official source before you fly or ride.